TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 术语和定义（续）
Should: Means ”must” and the activities, descriptions or specifications accompanied by the
word ”should” are intended to be mandatory, unless the manufacturer is able to demonstrate
that the activity, description or specification is inapplicable or can be replaced by an
alternative which must be demonstrated to provide at least an equivalent level of quality and
safety assurance.(Operators are obligated to achieve the goal of the Code by appropriate means).
应当: 意思是“必须”，用到“应当”这个词的活动、说明或规范都意指是强制性的，除非生产
商能够证明这种活动、说明或规范是不适用的，或可以用其他可选方案来代替，但必须证明
该选择方案至少能够提供相等水平的质量和安全保证（经营者有义务通过适当的手段达到本
规范的目标）。
Sign/signature: Confirmation of an authorised person in writing or by electronic means with
controlled access.
签署/签名: 被授权人以书面或电子方式对所控制范围的批准/确认。
Specification: A list of tests, references to analytical procedures, and appropriate acceptance
criteria that are numerical limits, ranges, or other criteria for the test described. It establishes
the set of criteria to which a material shall conform to be considered acceptable for its intended
use.‘Compliance to specification’ means that the material, when tested according to the listed
analytical procedures, meets the listed acceptance criteria.
规范: 一列参照分析程序进行的试验，以及由数字限定、范围或描述试验的其他标准组成的
适当的接受标准。它建立了一套标准，只有一种原料符合这个标准才能被认为可接受用于其
目的用途。“符合规范”意思是在根据所列的分析步骤进行试验时，原料达到所列的接收标准。
Subcontractor / Subcontracting: The delivery of a service, pertaining to the product, provided
by a third party to the Operator where no change in ownership of the product takes place.
分包方 / 分包：附属于产品的服务的交付，由第三方提供给经营者，同时产品所有权不发生变化。
Stages of production, processing and distribution: Any stage, including import, from and including
the primary production of a food, up to and including its storage, transport, sale or supply to
the final consumer and, where relevant, the import, production, manufacture, storage, transport,
distribution, sale and supply of feed. (Regulation 178/2002/EC)
生产、加工和分销的阶段: 任何阶段，包括进口，从一种食品的初级生产，直到它的存储、
运输、向最终消费者销售或供应，以及与之相关的，饲料的进口、生产、制造、存储、运
输、分配、销售和供应。 (Regulation178/2002/EC)
Traceability: The ability to trace and follow a food, feed, food-producing animal or substance
intended to be, or expected to be incorporated into a food or feed through all stages of
production, processing and distribution. (Regulation 178/2002/EC)
可追溯性: 追溯和跟踪一种食品、饲料、食源性动物、以及用于或预期用于通过生产、加工
和销售的所有阶段合成一种食品或饲料的物质的能力。 (Regulation178/2002/EC)
Undesirable substances: any substance or product, with the exception of pathogenic agents,
which is present in and/or on the product intended for the animal feed and which presents a
potential danger to animal or human health or to the environment or could adversely affect
livestock production. ( Directive 2002/32/EC )
不良的物质: 除病原体之外的任何物质或产品，存在于用于动物饲料的产品中和/或产品上，
其对动物或人类健康或环境具有潜在危险，或可能严重影响畜牧生产。( Directive 2002/32/EC )
Written documents: Paper printed documents. These may be substituted by electronic,
photographic, or other data processing systems provided that the data will be appropriately
stored during the anticipated period of storage (archive) and can be made readily available
in a legible form.
书面文件: 用纸张印刷的文件。这些可以用电子格式、照片格式或其他数据处理系统代替，
只要在预期的保存期内数据得到适当的储存（存档）并且能够以易读的方式很容易的获得。